Collision Domain: this is a small network segment of a LAN where packets sent by nodes in the segment can collide with one. All the nodes in the segment are affected by data collisions since they share the transmitting medium.

Passive Hubs: Takes incoming signals and pass them down the cable on its other ports.

Active Hubs: Same as passive hubs except that the incoming signals is repaired if it is weak before passing it on to its other ports.

Switching Hubs: Unlike paasive and active hubs which rebroadcast the packets to all other devices connected to the hub, the switching hub does not rebroadcast the packets if it is addressesd to one device or pc.

Intelligent Hubs: Contains additional features such as management features that help it to report on traffic statistics.

Cut-through Switch: It simply forward the packet to destination address by looking at the destination address (MAC) from the data link layer protocol header and forwarding the packet through a port without any additional processing

Store-and-forward Switch: It only forwards the packets to the destination after the entire packet has arrived. The incoming packet is first buffered and then verified using a cyclical redundancy check (CRC). Other problems are also checked to ensure the integrity of the packet.